Understanding Social Security Spousal Benefits for Eligible Partners

Social Security is a significant program in the U.S., providing benefits to millions. The rules can be intricate, especially for those uncertain about their eligibility for benefits. A crucial area of interest is the spousal benefit, which allows spouses to claim benefits based on their partner’s entitlement.

As of April 2025, nearly 2 million spouses have claimed this benefit. To determine if you qualify, you must meet specific criteria.

Eligibility and Benefit Amount

Your partner must be receiving Social Security benefits for you to qualify for the spousal benefit. You are required to be married for at least one year and be at least 62 years old. Exceptions exist for caregivers of minor children or disabled children under 16, allowing you to claim benefits before age 62.

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If eligible, the maximum spousal benefit is 50% of your partner’s Primary Insurance Amount (PIA). This amount is what your partner can collect at their Full Retirement Age (FRA), which is 67 for those born in 1960 or later.

Typically, you cannot receive the maximum benefit until reaching your FRA. Claiming earlier results in a permanent reduction. For example, claiming at 62 results in receiving only 32.5% of your partner’s PIA instead of 50%. Early claim penalties apply unless you are caring for a minor or disabled child.

Choosing Between Benefits

Even if you qualify for a spousal benefit, it’s not mandatory to take it. Many U.S. households have dual incomes, and you may also be eligible for Social Security based on your own work record.

When applicable, you will receive the higher benefit amount through a process called “deemed filing.” For example, if you qualify for $800 monthly through your work record and $1,000 through spousal benefits, you will receive the $1,000.

As of April, the average spousal benefit was $948 per month, or $11,376 annually, compared to nearly $2,000 monthly for the average retired worker, which totals around $24,000 per year.

Divorce and Spousal Benefits

Divorced individuals may still qualify for spousal benefits, but specific conditions apply. The marriage must have lasted a minimum of 10 years. If divorced less than two years, your ex-partner must be collecting benefits. You must also remain unmarried to qualify for benefits based on your ex’s work record.

Maximizing Social Security Benefits

Many retirees overlook strategies to enhance their Social Security income. Certain little-known tactics could potentially increase your retirement income by up to $23,760 annually.

Learning how to maximize your Social Security benefits can ensure a more secure retirement.

The views and opinions expressed herein are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of Nasdaq, Inc.