The United States currently has approximately two months’ worth of rare earth supplies available for military use, a situation that may impact how long the U.S. can maintain military operations against Iran, as reported by the South China Morning Post. Rare earth elements are crucial for missile guidance systems, fighter jets, and radar technologies, making U.S. defense systems vulnerable to supply disruptions from China, the leading producer.
Washington’s heavy reliance on Chinese rare earth supplies is becoming an increasing strategic concern amid escalating tensions in the Middle East. Analysts suggest that China could wield significant indirect leverage over the duration and cost of U.S. military engagements if it were to restrict exports. Current efforts by the U.S. to diversify its supply chains include a $12 billion initiative aimed at stockpiling important minerals, but projects outside China are expected to take too long to mitigate potential shortages.
China controls over half of the global rare earth mine supply and nearly all processing operations, with plans to strengthen its position in this sector under its 15th Five-Year Plan, which spans from 2026 to 2030. This consolidation of power could further increase Beijing’s influence over global supply chains for critical materials essential to defense technologies and clean energy systems.
